Version Control Systems Usage Quiz

1. What is the main function of a Version Control System (VCS) in software development?

• To manage project deadlines and team tasks.
• To compile code into executable files.
• To track changes in source code and collaborate efficiently.
• To design user interfaces for applications.

2. How do Version Control Systems facilitate team collaboration in programming projects?

• They allow multiple developers to work on code simultaneously without conflicts.
• They make it impossible for teams to collaborate on coding tasks.
• They require all team members to be online to save changes.
• They only track the changes made by the project manager.

3. What are the two primary categories of Version Control Systems?

• Centralized VCS and Distributed VCS
• Versioned VCS and Non-Versioned VCS
• Local VCS and Remote VCS
• Static VCS and Dynamic VCS

4. Why is Git considered a popular Distributed Version Control System?

• Git relies solely on a central server for operations.
• Git allows for collaboration and offline work.
• Git stores all repositories in a single location.
• Git track files using unique identifiers.

5. What command would you use to create a new branch in Git?

• git add branch_name
• git branch new_branch_name
• git make branch branch_name
• git create branch_name

6. What is the purpose of the `.gitignore` file in a Git repository?

• A file that stores commit messages for every change.
• A file that contains configuration settings for the repository.
• A file that records the history of all branches in the repository.
• A file that specifies intentionally untracked files to ignore.

7. How can you view changes made to files in your Git working directory?

• `git status`
• `git log`
• `git merge`
• `git push`

8. What is the effect of running `git reset –hard` in a Git repository?

• It deletes the Git repository completely.
• It creates a new branch with the changes saved.
• It resets the working directory to the last commit and discards all changes.
• It only affects the staging area, keeping the working directory unchanged.

9. In what scenario would you use `git cherry-pick`?

• Deletes a branch from the repository.
• Applies a specific commit from one branch onto another.
• Merges two different branches into one.
• Creates a new branch for future development.

10. How do Git tags differ from branches in a repository?

• Git tags are fixed pointers to specific commits.
• Git tags are mutable references like branches.
• Git tags cannot be used to mark releases.
• Git tags are automatically updated over time.

11. What is the significance of forking a repository on GitHub?

• It merges the original repository with your changes instantly.
• It limits access to the original repository for collaboration.
• It allows you to freely experiment with changes without affecting the original repository.
• It creates a backup of the original repository automatically.

12. What command allows you to reapply your last commit while preserving your changes?

• git revert HEAD
• git reset –soft HEAD~1
• git checkout HEAD~1
• git commit –amend

13. How do you remove a specific commit from your Git history?

• `git branch commit_hash`
• `git rebase -i commit_hash`
• `git merge commit_hash`
• `git checkout commit_hash`

14. What information does `git blame` provide about a file?

• Shows the current status of a repository.
• Shows who made changes to each line in a file and when.
• Displays the size of files in a project.
• Lists all the files in a repository.

15. What is the purpose of squashing commits in Git?

• To delete old commits permanently from the history.
• To combine multiple commits into one for clarity.
• To rename branches in a Git repository.
• To compress the files in a repository for storage.

16. Describe a scenario where `git bisect` would be beneficial.

• To merge two different branches into one.
• To create a new branch for feature development.
• To delete unnecessary files from the repository.
• To find the commit that introduced a bug after a recent update.

17. How do you handle submodules in a Git project?

• `git submodule init` and `git submodule update`
• `git clone –recursive` and `git clone –update`
• `git subrepository init` and `git subrepository update`
• `git module add` and `git module update`

18. What command helps you unstage a file but keep it in your repository?

• `git discard file_name`
• `git reset HEAD file_name`
• `git checkout file_name`
• `git remove file_name`

19. What is the function of `git reflog` in version control?

• A history of all changes made to the tip of branches and references.
• A command to delete branches from the repository.
• A tool for merging different branches together.
• A way to create new branches in Git.

20. How can you effectively rename a branch in your local Git repository?

• `git rename old_branch_name new_branch_name`
• `git switch -m old_branch_name new_branch_name`
• `git checkout -r old_branch_name new_branch_name`
• `git branch -m old_branch_name new_branch_name`

21. What does `git gc` do for a repository?

• A command to merge changes from one branch to another.
• A command to create a new branch in the repository.
• A command to display the status of the repository.
• A command to clean up unnecessary files and optimize the repository.

22. What role do hooks play in Git workflows?

• Hooks only operate on file changes in Git.
• Hooks run scripts before or after events in Git.
• Hooks manage user permissions in Git.
• Hooks are used to delete branches in Git.

23. What type of files does `git clean` affect in your working directory?

• Staged files
• Untracked files
• Ignored files
• Modified files

24. How does `git reset` differ in operation from `git revert`?

• `git reset` preserves history, but `git revert` discards it.
• `git reset` creates a new commit, and `git revert` moves HEAD.
• `git reset` moves HEAD and alters staging, while `git revert` creates a new commit to undo changes.
• `git reset` only changes file names, while `git revert` deletes files.

25. What command would you use to revert several consecutive commits?

• `git checkout HEAD~n`
• `git revert HEAD~n..HEAD`
• `git reset –hard HEAD`
• `git stash apply`

26. Which Git command stages all changes, including deletions?

• git add .
• git add -A
• git commit -a
• git stage all

27. What command commits only modified files without including new files?

• `git commit -m`
• `git commit -a`
• `git add .`
• `git commit -A`

28. What is the role of a programming language in a version control context?

• It helps in tracking changes and collaboration among team members.
• It compiles the source code into machine language directly.
• It converts text files into binary format for storage.
• It stores only the latest version of the source files.

29. How does the abstraction level of assembly language relate to machine code?

• Assembly language consists of graphics instead of text for coding.
• Assembly language is a programming language that does not relate to machine code.
• Assembly language is a human-readable representation of machine code.
• Assembly language is an advanced version of machine code.

30. What is the historical significance of the Fortran programming language?

• Fortran is one of the oldest high-level programming languages in use.
• Fortran was developed in the 2000s.
• Fortran is primarily used for web development.
• Fortran is a low-level assembly language.