Microservices Architecture in Web Development Programming Quiz

1. What are microservices?

• Microservices are a programming language focused on mobile development.
• Microservices are a software architectural style in which a large application is built as a collection of small, independent, and scalable services.
• Microservices are a database management system that uses a single server.
• Microservices are a type of cloud storage solution for large files.

2. What are the benefits of using microservices architecture?

• Scalability, resilience, flexibility, and easier maintenance.
• Enhanced user experience and increased cost.
• Full integration within a monolithic structure.
• Simplified coding practices and fewer testing requirements.

3. How do microservices communicate with each other?

• By sending emails to each other.
• Through well-defined APIs, messaging, and event streaming.
• Through direct database access only.
• By using mutual exclusive locks.

4. What is the difference between monolithic and microservices architecture?

• Monolithic architecture does not require service discovery, while microservices rely on it for communication.
• Monolithic architecture is always more scalable than microservices, which are typically less flexible.
• Monolithic architecture consists of multiple independent services, while microservices are a single, complex service.
• Monolithic architecture is a single, large, complex service, while microservices are small, autonomous services.

5. Explain service discovery in microservices.

• Service discovery is the technique of deploying services in a shared database to ensure easy access for all.
• Service discovery is the process of manually configuring all services and their endpoints for communication.
• Service discovery involves a mechanism to dynamically locate and register services in a changing environment, using tools like Consul or Eureka.
• Service discovery refers to the use of static IP addresses assigned to each microservice for direct communication.

6. How do you handle data consistency in microservices?

• Data consistency is handled solely by ensuring all services have the latest version of the application code.
• Data consistency can be ignored as microservices rely on independent data storage.
• Data consistency is maintained by using a single shared database for all services.
• Data consistency can be achieved through mechanisms like the Saga pattern, two-phase commits, or eventual consistency.

7. What is the API Gateway pattern?

• The API Gateway acts as a single entry point for clients and routes requests to appropriate microservices, often handling authentication, rate limiting, and caching.
• The API Gateway serves as a database for processing all client requests.
• The API Gateway is a programming language used to build microservices.
• The API Gateway facilitates direct communication between microservices without any intermediaries.

8. Name some popular tools for building microservices.

• WordPress
• Docker
• PowerPoint
• Photoshop

9. Explain the Circuit Breaker pattern.

• The Circuit Breaker pattern is a design method for creating user interfaces in microservices.
• The Circuit Breaker pattern is a strategy for scaling microservices by distributing requests among them.
• The Circuit Breaker pattern is a method for encrypting data shared between microservices.
• The Circuit Breaker pattern is a fault-tolerance mechanism that monitors and controls interactions between services.

10. What is the role of a container in microservices architecture?

• A container exclusively stores large databases for better performance.
• A container only manages user authentication across services.
• A container encapsulates the application and its dependencies, ensuring consistent deployment across various environments.
• A container serves as a backup solution for data storage and recovery.

11. How can you ensure security in microservices?

• Implementing all services as monoliths for reduced complexity.
• Ignoring security and focusing only on service performance.
• Ensure security through mechanisms like authentication, authorization, and encryption, using tools like Spring Security.
• Relying solely on firewalls to protect microservices.

12. What is the purpose of a configuration management tool in microservices?

• A configuration management tool encrypts user data during transmission.
• A configuration management tool builds microservices from scratch.
• A configuration management tool centralizes the configuration of microservices.
• A configuration management tool creates user interfaces for services.

13. Explain blue-green deployment in microservices.

• Blue-green deployment refers to the practice of executing all microservices in a single container to streamline deployment processes.
• Blue-green deployment involves running two identical production environments, one active and one standby, allowing for seamless switching between them during updates.
• Blue-green deployment is a method that combines multiple services into a single environment to reduce overhead and improve efficiency.
• Blue-green deployment is a technique for scaling services by duplicating them across multiple servers to handle more traffic.

14. What is the role of a container orchestration tool?

• A container orchestration tool is used solely for monitoring network traffic.
• A container orchestration tool manages the deployment and scaling of containers.
• A container orchestration tool creates container images for applications.
• A container orchestration tool requires a dedicated physical server for each container.

15. How can microservices help achieve continuous delivery?

• Microservices necessitate a monolithic architecture for faster delivery.
• Microservices limit the ability to scale services independently, slowing down deployment.
• Microservices require all changes to be deployed simultaneously, increasing downtime.
• Microservices facilitate continuous delivery by enabling independent development and deployment of each service, reducing the impact of changes on the entire system.

16. What is serverless computing, and how does it relate to microservices?

• Serverless computing involves running code without provisioning or managing servers, which can benefit microservices by reducing operational overhead and increasing scalability.
• Serverless computing is a method of coding where traditional servers are necessary for microservices to function.
• Serverless computing requires dedicated servers for each application and is not suited for microservices.
• Serverless computing is a form of cloud storage that manages large databases for microservices.

17. Explain the difference between synchronous and asynchronous communication in microservices.

• Synchronous communication requires all services to be online, while asynchronous communication can only occur when services are offline.
• Synchronous communication is based on file transfers, while asynchronous communication uses HTTP requests.
• Synchronous communication allows for batch processing, while asynchronous communication is strictly for real-time interactions.
• Synchronous communication involves direct request-response interactions, while asynchronous communication uses messaging or event-driven approaches to decouple services.

18. How can you handle distributed transactions in microservices?

• Use the Saga pattern for distributed transactions.
• Rely solely on a single database.
• Implement a monolithic architecture.
• Use synchronous calls for all service interactions.

19. What is event sourcing?

• Event sourcing is a technique for encrypting data in transit between services.
• Event sourcing refers to the real-time broadcast of application status updates to users.
• Event sourcing involves storing the history of an application as a sequence of events, allowing for auditing and business process analysis.
• Event sourcing is a method of compressing data into a single file for backup purposes.

20. What is a micro frontends architecture?

• Micro frontends architecture combines backend services into one large application for better performance.
• Micro frontends architecture involves breaking down the frontend into smaller, independent services that can be developed and deployed independently.
• Micro frontends architecture restricts the use of different frameworks in frontend development.
• Micro frontends architecture is focused on creating monolithic applications with a single codebase.

21. Explain the Strangler Pattern.

• The Strangler Pattern describes a process in which microservices are deployed without interacting with the existing monolithic application at all.
• The Strangler Pattern is a method for creating microservices from existing monolithic applications by rewriting the entire system in one go.
• The Strangler Pattern involves gradually replacing a monolithic application with microservices by wrapping the old application with new microservices that eventually take over its functionality.
• The Strangler Pattern refers to a technique for improving the performance of monolithic applications without any changes to their architecture.

22. How do you ensure data integrity between microservices?

• Data validation, consistency checks, and synchronization tools
• Using single database for all services
• Relying on HTTP status codes only
• Manual backups and restore

23. What is the role of a service mesh in microservices architecture?

• A service mesh is a tool for automating container image creation.
• A service mesh simplifies the user interface of microservices.
• A service mesh is exclusively for managing databases in microservices.
• A service mesh provides a layer of infrastructure for managing service communication, including service discovery, traffic management, and security.

24. Explain the concept of resilience in microservices.

• Resilience in microservices means increasing the number of services in an application.
• Resilience in microservices requires all services to be integrated into a single monolithic structure.
• Resilience in microservices focuses solely on improving the speed of service requests.
• Resilience in microservices involves designing the architecture to handle failures gracefully, using mechanisms like circuit breakers, bulkheads, and timeouts.

25. What are idempotent operations, and why are they important in microservices?

• Idempotent operations are operations that can be safely repeated without changing the result; they are important in microservices for ensuring data consistency and preventing side effects.
• Idempotent operations are operations that require multiple system calls; they are important in microservices for enabling complex transactions and processing.
• Idempotent operations are operations that always return a new result; they are important in microservices for increasing performance and speed.
• Idempotent operations are operations that can only be executed once; they are important in microservices for enhancing security and authentication.

26. What is a container image, and how does it differ from a virtual machine?

• A container image is a hardware-based system that virtualizes physical devices.
• A container image is a lightweight package that includes the application and its dependencies, differing from a virtual machine as it shares the host OS.
• A container image is a full operating system that runs independently of the host.
• A container image is a type of software that needs a virtual machine to operate.

27. Explain the concept of eventual consistency in microservices.

• Eventual consistency means that a service`s data is never allowed to change after initial creation.
• Eventual consistency guarantees immediate synchronization of all data across microservices at all times.
• Eventual consistency allows for temporary discrepancies in data across services, ensuring that all updates will synchronize over time.
• Eventual consistency requires all services to update their data simultaneously to maintain accuracy.

28. What is API versioning, and why is it important in microservices?

• API versioning involves maintaining multiple versions of an API to support backward compatibility and allow for gradual changes without breaking existing clients.
• API versioning is about improving the speed of service delivery to clients by eliminating unnecessary features.
• API versioning ensures that all services within a microservices architecture are written in the same programming language for uniformity.
• API versioning focuses solely on enhancing the security of a service by restricting access to certain users.

29. How can you achieve fault tolerance in microservices architecture?

• Fault tolerance can be achieved by disabling all service interactions.
• Fault tolerance can be achieved by increasing the number of microservices.
• Fault tolerance can be achieved through synchronous communication only.
• Fault tolerance can be achieved through mechanisms like circuit breakers, bulkheads, timeouts, and retry policies.

30. Explain the role of a reverse proxy in microservices architecture.

• A reverse proxy creates separate instances of microservices for each client request.
• A reverse proxy directs all microservice data to a single database for storage.
• A reverse proxy manages user authentication for each microservice individually.
• A reverse proxy acts as an intermediary between clients and microservices, handling tasks like load balancing, caching, and security.